Ethereum?

  • Ethereum is a global open source fully distributed “peer-to- peer” computer network (https://www.ethereum.org)
  • Uses a native cryptocurrency, Ether (ETH), to facilitate transactions and execute smart contracts
  • Ethereum is a second-generation blockchain capable of handling multiple assets and information, beyond just cryptocurrencies.

Introduction to Blockchain

  • A blockchain is a digital ledger distributed across a network, ensuring security, transparency, and immutability
  • Transactions, once verified and recorded, cannot be altered/Deleted
  • It enables trustless environments where ownership and asset (information/ether) exchanges are transparent and secure
  • Tracking ownership of assets

  • The first assets on a Blockchain were cryptocurrency.
  • Bitcoin is an application that runs on the Blockchain.
  • Yes, Bitcoin is an application, that runs on the Blockchain “run time” infrastructure.
  • The two are obviously not the same. Although that is a common misconception.

  • On a Blockchain network, users, or transactors, conduct “traditional” commerce and agree on prices for items they are buying and selling.
  • On the Bitcoin network users send and receive the digital Bitcoins between one another.

First-Generation Blockchain

  • Primarily for transferring a single asset type (Bitcoin)
  • We can consider Bitcoin’s Blockchain as a first generation Blockchain

Second-Generation Blockchain

  • Ethereum is a second generation Blockchain.
  • Manages multiple asset types, including tangible and intangible assets.
  • Second generation Blockchain can also take action on transactions with programs called Smart Contracts
  • Introduces smart contracts for automated operations and logic execution.

NOTE 💡

Etherscan: A blockchain explorer for tracking Ethereum transactions. Users can view transaction details, including fees (gas), sender/receiver addresses, and smart contract execution.


Assets

  • Assets generally come in two varieties, tangible assets and intangible assets.
  • Tangible assets exist in the physical world and are things we can touch, such as gold, a building, a computer.
  • Intangible assets are items such as a bond, an “I owe you”. patent, copyright, or trademark.
  • Both tangible and intangible assets can be transacted on a Blockchains such as Ethereum.

Network

  • Ethereum and other Blockchains run on a distributed network.
  • Each computer on the network is a peer and has a copy of the ledger with all the data.
  • The form of network always ensures the Blockchain is up and running.
  • It is also less vernerable to attack.

  • Centralized: Vulnerable to single points of failure.(if the focal point of the centralized node goes offline, the whole network is down)
  • Decentralized: Improved resilience but less synchronized.
  • Distributed: Fully decentralized, resilient, and always online.